Comparison of subjective effects of tetrahydrocannabinol and marijuana in humans

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There has been controversy about whether the subjective behavioral or therapeutic effects of whole plant marijuana differ from the effects of its primary active ingredient Δ⁹-tetrahydrocannabinol THC. Few studies have directly compared the effects of marijuana and THC using matched doses administered either by the smoked or the oral form. Two studies were conducted to compare the subjective effects of pure THC to whole-plant marijuana containing an equivalent amount of THC in normal healthy volunteers. In the oral study the drugs were administered in brownies and in the smoking study the drugs were smoked. In both studies the active drug conditions resulted in dose-dependent increases in plasma THC levels. THC-only and whole plant marijuana produced similar subjective effects with only minor differences. These results support the idea that the psychoactive effects of marijuana in healthy volunteers are due primarily to THC.