Mortality Due to Nosocomial Infection with Klebsiella pneumoniae ESBL+

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Klebsiella pneumoniae is one of the most important hospital pathogens, particularly concerning the multidrug-resistant strain ESBL+. The aim of this study was to evaluate nosocomial infections with K. pneumoniae ESBL+ in the context of infection location, risk factors, and prognosis. This hospital study was conducted retrospectively and covered a 3 months' period. The infection with K. pneumoniae ESBL+ was diagnosed in 27 patients, including 20 cases of pneumonia and 7 of urinary tract infection. The overall mortality rate was 48.1%, and it was higher in patients with pneumonia (55%) than in those with urinary tract infection (28.6%). The most important risk factors for mortality were mechanical ventilation, urinary catheterization, and prior use of antibiotics. The study confirms the high mortality rate of nosocomial infections with K. pneumoniae ESBL+ and emphasizes the importance of early diagnosis and appropriate antimicrobial therapy.